The authors offer their opinion on the limitations of written witness statements in international arbitration and propose video-recorded evidence as an alternative. In international arbitration, as in ...

International arbitration hearings are primarily about cross-examination. Direct testimony, both from fact witnesses and experts, almost always comes from written statements or reports presented by ...

Witness statements serve as the vessels of truth in litigation. Yet, whose truth do they really reflect? The entire purpose of Practice Direction 57AC (“PD57AC”), introduced in April of 2021, was to ...

Prior to April 2021, witness evidence within the Business and Property Courts (“B&PCs”) operated under Practice Direction 32 (“PD32”) of the Civil Procedure Rules. Unfortunately, this practice ...